When punctuating state names, you should place a comma between the city and state, and another comma after the state name, unless the state name is ending the sentence or indicating a dateline. (No comma after state abbreviation because it ends the sentence) How do you punctuate city and country?
Do you put a comma after the state in a sentence?
When a city and a state are mentioned in a sentence, am I correct in placing commas after the state name as well as before the state name? “Mary traveled to Seattle, Washington, before going on to California.” And when “Jr.” follows a name in a sentence, is it necessary to add a comma before it? How about after it? A. Yes. No. Only if you put one before it. (That is, the commas …
When do you put a comma after a geographical name?
24/01/2020 · When writing an address all on one line or in a sentence, use a comma before the following elements: the apartment or suite number, the city, and the state. It's not necessary to use a comma before the zip code. Her address is 3425 Stone Street, Apt. 2A, Jacksonville, FL 39404.
Do you put a comma before “and”?
10/03/2020 · Use a comma before any coordinating conjunction (and, but, for, or, nor, so, yet) that links two independent clauses. Use a comma after a dependent clause that starts a sentence. Use commas to offset appositives from the rest of the sentence. Use commas to separate items in a series.
Do you put commas around a country in a sentence?
17/06/2013 · Here are the rules of most professional editing: * Years after a specific date are set off with commas: “March 14, 2008, was a good day.”. But a month and year without the date does not take commas: “March 2008 was a good month.”. The same is true of seasons. No comma: Spring 2008 was a good time for me.
Do you put a comma before stated?
To identify the speaker of a quotation before the quotation appears, put a comma after the speaking-related verb (said, replied, stated, wrote, etc.).01-Jul-2015
Should there be a comma after states that?
Use a comma between items in a series or list. The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed., states that “items in a series are normally separated by commas. ... These items may be words, phrases, or clauses.” The book does not specify about conjunctions, but it does mention that some writers might omit the final comma.19-Apr-2012
What are the four types of commas?
There are four types of comma: the listing comma, the joining comma, the gapping comma and bracketing commas.
What are the 8 rules for commas?
Commas (Eight Basic Uses)Use a comma to separate independent clauses. ... Use a comma after an introductory clause or phrase. ... Use a comma between all items in a series. ... Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses. ... Use a comma to set off appositives. ... Use a comma to indicate direct address. ... Use commas to set off direct quotations.More items...
How to punctuate city and country?
How do you punctuate city and country? When a geographical name has two or more elements to it, use a comma after each different type of element (city or town, region, state, country) and follow the last element with a comma, unless it occurs at the end of a sentence.
Where do you put a comma in a sentence?
Where do you put the comma in city and state? If there is no street address —just a city and a state — put a comma between the city and the state. If the sentence continues after the state name, place a comma after the state.
Do you put a comma before or after the state?
If the sentence continues after the state name, place a comma after the state. Besides, where do you put the comma in an address? When writing an address all on one line or in a sentence, use a comma before the following elements: the apartment or suite number, the city, and the state. It's not necessary to use a comma before the zip code.
When punctuating state names, should you put a comma?
When punctuating state names, you should place a comma between the city and state, and another comma after the state name, unless the state name is ending the sentence or indicating a dateline. (No comma after state abbreviation because it ends the sentence)
Why do you put a comma in coordinate adjectives?
Because coordinate adjectives are equally important, they are separated by a comma. Cumulative adjectives aren't equally important and so they are not separated by a comma. Only use a comma to separate two adjectives if you could also write "and" there and keep the same meaning.
What is an infinitive phrase?
Infinitive phrases begin with an infinitive ( to + the simple form of the verb), e.g. to be better, to win at tennis, to save money. Infinitive phrases can function in a sentence as nouns, adjectives or adverbs. From a comma perspective you only need to worry about ones that function as adverbs.
When should a time phrase be followed by a comma?
When a time phrase adds information to an independent clause or sentence that follows it then it should be followed by a comma. If the phrase or sentence comes before the time phrase then it shouldn't have a comma before it. Correct: Five hundred years ago, there were no grammar books.
Do you put a comma after an adverb?
You can see that they "add" some information to a "verb" or the sentence that they are modifying. Some adverbs don't end "-ly", e.g. "sometimes" or "often". When an adverb modifies an entire sentence or independent clause that follows it then you should use a comma after it. Correct: Sadly, they didn't understand me.
Do you put a comma before or after a subordinating conjunction?
The general rule for subordinating conjunctions states that you shouldn't use a comma before a subordinating conjunction that comes after the main clause. However, "whereas" and "although" are examples of "adverbs of concession," along with "though" and "even though".
Do you put a comma after a participle?
The comma rules you need to know for participle phrases are: For participial phrases before the main clause, put a comma after the participial phrase. For participial phrases in the middle of the sentence, the phrase requires commas both before and after it.
Do you put a comma before a restrictive clause?
To understand if you should use a comma before which we need to understand the difference between a restrictive and a non-restrictive clause. A restrictive clause is one where its removal would alter the meaning of the sentence. It is necessary for understanding the meaning of the sentence.
How to know if a comma is needed?
Another way to determine if a comma is needed is to mentally put and between the two adjectives. If the result still makes sense, add the comma. In the examples above, a strong and healthy man makes sense, but an expensive and summer resort does not. Rule 3a.
When to use a comma in an introduction?
If such a phrase contains more than one preposition, a comma may be used unless a verb immediately follows the phrase.
Do newspapers use the Oxford comma?
Most newspapers and magazine s drop the Oxford comma in a simple series, apparently feeling it's unnecessary. However, omission of the Oxford comma can sometimes lead to misunderstandings. Example: We had coffee, cheese and crackers and grapes.
When is a comma unnecessary?
A comma is usually unnecessary when the sentence starts with an independent clause followed by a dependent clause. Example: Let me know now if you are not sure about this. Rule 5. Use commas to set off nonessential words, clauses, and phrases (see Who, That, Which, Rule 2b).
Do fiction books use commas?
Fiction and nonfiction books generally prefer the Oxford comma. Writers must decide Oxford or no Oxford and not switch back and forth, except when omitting the Oxford comma could cause confusion as in the cheese and crackers example. Rule 2. Use a comma to separate two adjectives when the order of the adjectives is interchangeable.
When to use a comma in a sentence?
Example: That is my money, not yours. Rule 16a. Use a comma before and after certain introductory words or terms , such as namely, that is, i.e., e.g., and for instance, when they are followed by a series of items.
Do you put a comma after the state?
Use a comma to separate a city from its state, and remember to put one after the state, also. Example: I'm from the Akron, Ohio, area. Rule 11. Traditionally, if a person's name is followed by Sr. or Jr., a comma follows the last name: Martin Luther King, Jr. This comma is no longer considered mandatory.
What is an independent clause?
Let me remind you…. An independent clause is a clause in a sentence that would make sense on it’s own. Usually, the two independent clauses are related to one another. However, they would still make sense if they were two separate sentences. When you’re separating an independent clause, make sure to always use a comma.
When to use a comma in a sentence?
Use a comma when “And” is a connective between two independent clauses. Examples of “and” separating two independent clauses. Don’t use a comma when “and” separates and independent clause from a dependent clause. Examples of “and” separating an independent and a dependant clause.
When to put a comma before "and"?
When to put a comma before “and”. When separating a dependent clause from an independent clause, never use a comma before “and”. When separating two independent clauses, always use a comma. And at the end of a list, well… that’s up for debate. Video Player is loading.
When to use a comma after a dog?
When you list your dog’s qualities, you have to use a comma after each quality you list except the one that comes immediately before and. That comma is optional. The dog is young, well trained, and good natured. The dog is young, well trained and good natured.
Is the comma before and in a sentence?
The sentence is correct with or without the comma before and. ( There are a few exceptions that require you to use the Oxford comma in a list, but they are pretty rare.) Just be consistent. Don’t switch back and forth in the same document between using the Oxford comma and not using it.
When to leave a comma out?
When you have two independent clauses joined together by and, most style guides say that it’s OK to leave the comma out as long as the two independent clauses are very short and closely connected. Here’s an example: Arthur cooked and Melvin cleaned.
Do you put a comma before "dog"?
You should not use a comma before and if you’re only mentioning two qualities. The dog is well trained, and good natured. The dog is well trained and good natured. This is true for proper names, ordinary nouns, verbs, or anything else.
Do you need a comma before and?
The sentence above contains two independent clauses, so it requires a comma before and. (By the way, you can tell they’re independent clauses because each one could stand on its own as a complete sentence.) Here’s a tip: Remember, when you’re joining two independent clauses, you need both a comma and a conjunction.
Do you put a comma before or after a dependent clause?
Don’t use a comma before and when one of the clauses it’s connecting is a dependent clause. Sam tossed the ball, and watched the dog chase it. The first clause, Sam tossed the ball could stand on its own as a complete sentence, which means it’s an independent clause.
Why do we put a comma in a sentence?
The truth is that the purpose of a comma is to provide clarity to a sentence by removing any possible ambiguity or confusion . In other words, to figure out the correct way to use a comma with a specific word, you need to understand what that word is doing in a sentence and why.
What does it mean to learn commas?
With most words, this means learning comma rules is a simple matter of learning one or two parts of speech and how they might be used in a sentence. Some words, though, are complicated, and can use commas in many different ways. Some words, like “and,” fall somewhere in the middle.
When should you not put a comma before "and"?
Places when you should not use a comma before “and” are when it connects two individual words, when it connects two phrases (groups of words that do not stand alone) and when it is part of a list or series. There are two possible times that the use of a comma is either optional or dependent upon your style guide.
Do you need a comma before or after a word?
Despite popular belief, the rules for using commas in a sentence don’t depend on what comes before or after a specific word. Another common misconception is that you need a comma any time you would pause when speaking. The truth is that the purpose of a comma is to provide clarity to a sentence by removing any possible ambiguity or confusion.
What is a coordinating conjunction?
How coordinating conjunctions work. Technically speaking, the word “and” is a coordinating conjunction, used to connect two parts of a sentence. That is, “and” can be used to connect anything from a pair of individual words to a phrase or loose group of words, to two complete sentences.
Do you need a comma when you use "and"?
Other style guides, such as AP Style, require you not to use a comma in this case, however. Finally, when joining two very short sentences or independent clauses with “and,” the comma is optional. That’s because the meaning is clear even without the comma.
What is the optional part of a sentence?
The optional part of the sentence is what’s being affected by the action word (the object). As for independent and dependent clauses, the difference has to do with whether each clause can stand alone. If the clause makes sense by itself, it’s an independent clause.