The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, abbreviated as BHS or rarely BH4, is an edition of the Masoretic Text of the Hebrew Bible as preserved in the Leningrad Codex
Leningrad Codex
The Leningrad Codex is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew, using the Masoretic Text and Tiberian vocalization. It is dated 1008 CE according to its colophon. The Aleppo Codex, against which the Leningrad Codex was corrected, is several decades older, but part…
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What is the Biblia Hebraica?
The Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia (BHS), which reflects the findings from more than a hundred years of Old Testament textual research, is structured according to this principle. The BHS is in worldwide use today and is esteemed among all denominations as a highly reliable edition of the Hebrew Bible.
What is Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia?
Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. It is the fourth edition in the Biblia Hebraica series started by Rudolf Kittel and is published by the Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft (German Bible Society) in Stuttgart .
What is working on the Biblia Hebraica Quinta?
Work is currently under way at the Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft to produce a completely reworked and expanded edition in 20 volumes, known as the Biblia Hebraica Quinta or Fifth Hebrew Bible, which also includes references to and comparisons with recently released material from Qumran texts.
What does BH mean in Biblia Hebraica?
A sample page from the BH 1 edition of Biblia Hebraica Kittel from 1909 (Genesis 1:1-17a). Biblia Hebraica refers primarily to the three editions of the Hebrew Bible edited by Rudolf Kittel. When referenced, Kittel's Biblia Hebraica is usually abbreviated BH, or BHK (K for Kittel).
¿Cuál es la Biblia textual?
La Biblia Textual (BTX) es la traducción más literal de la Biblia al español basada en el texto crítico disponible en el mercado actual. Esta versión constituye una respetada herramienta de referencia entre cristianos de habla hispana que la usan para enseñar la Biblia y profundizar su estudio.
¿Qué es la Biblia Textual 4?
La cuarta Edición de la Biblia Textual (BTX IV) constituye el aporte más significativo en la restauración del Texto Sagrado, particularmente en lo que compete al texto hebreo del Viejo Pacto.
¿Cuál es el significado de Elohim?
Elohim es el plural de Eloah y este está relacionado con el dios El. Es afín a la palabra 'L-h-m que se encuentra en ugarítico, donde se usa en el panteón para los dioses cananeos, los hijos de El, y se vocaliza convencionalmente como "Elohim".
When was the first edition of the Biblia Hebraica edidit published?
His first edition Biblia Hebraica edidit Rudolf Kittel was published as a two-volume work in 1906 under the publisher J. C. Hinrichs in Leipzig. As a textual basis for his edition he reproduced the Hebrew text found in the Mikraot Gedolot (also cited as Bombergiana or ". B {displaystyle {mathfrak {B}}}.
When was the second edition of Kittel's Biblia Hebraica published?
The second edition of Kittel's Biblia Hebraica appeared in 1913; the differences between it and the first one are slight, apart from a list of errors in the second. It was reprinted several times.
What year was the 3rd edition of the Bible?
For the first time, a Bible reproduced the text of the Leningrad Codex from the year 1008, since it was (and still is) the oldest existing manuscript of the entire Hebrew Bible.
Why are some of the references in the textual apparatus reference manuscripts that no longer exist?
Some of the references in the textual apparatus reference manuscripts that no longer exist due to the bombing of Leipzig during World War II.
When was BH 3 published?
BH 3 appeared in installments, from 1929 to 1937, with the first one-volume edition in 1937; it was reprinted many times, with later editions recording variants in the Book of Isaiah and Habakkuk from the Dead Sea Scrolls .
What is the BHQ biblia?
Since 2004, it has been successively replaced by the Biblia Hebraica Quinta (BHQ), which is initially being published in individual fascicles. » The History of the Biblia Hebraica. » Latest editions of the Biblia Hebraica.
What is the oldest Hebrew Bible?
The oldest complete transcript of the Hebrew Bible that we know today is the Codex Leningradensis from the year 1008; almost a hundred years older, but unfortunately no longer complete, is the Aleppo Codex from 930. The Leningrad Codex and the Aleppo Codex are two prominent and exemplary instances of the so-called Masoretic Text, the version that was proclaimed definitive by Jewish scribes around 100 AD. Originally comprising only consonants, this text was provided with vowel marks as of about 700 AD. In this form, it was handed down further with meticulous care by the so-called Masoretes.
Where are the oldest direct textual witnesses?
The oldest direct textual witnesses are the manuscripts that were discovered from 1949 onwards in the Judean Desert in the caves of Qumran on the Dead Sea. Among these were the remains of some 200 transcripts of individual books of the Bible from the period between 150 BC and 70 AD.
When was the Bible translated into Greek?
Textual witnesses in significant quantities that are important to Old Testament textual research are today only available from around the 3rd century BC: The first translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek, the so-called Septuagint, dates back to this era.
When was the Aleppo Codex written?
The Leningrad Codex and the Aleppo Codex are two prominent and exemplary instances of the so-called Masoretic Text, the version that was proclaimed definitive by Jewish scribes around 100 AD. Originally comprising only consonants, this text was provided with vowel marks as of about 700 AD.
Is it expedient to present the Masoretic Text?
To be able to present a uniform text in a printed edition, it is thus expedient to present the Masoretic Text, with the respective extant variants in a critical apparatus – where applicable in combination with proposals for correction of the Masoretic Text.
Does the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia reconstruct the original text of the Hebrew Bible?
Unlike the scholarly editions of the Greek New Testament, the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia does not set out to reconstruct the original text of the Hebrew Bible.
Overview
Editions by Kittel
The Old Testament scholar Rudolf Kittel from Leipzig started to develop a critical edition of the Hebrew Bible in 1901, which would later become the first of its kind. His first edition Biblia Hebraica edidit Rudolf Kittel was published as a two-volume work in 1906 under the publisher J. C. Hinrichs in Leipzig.
The second edition of Kittel's Biblia Hebraica appeared in 1913.
Subsequent editions
The third edition was superseded by the Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, which appeared in installments from 1968 to 1976 and as a single volume in 1977. The current project in this tradition is the Biblia Hebraica Quinta, which started in 2004.
See also
• List of Hebrew Bible manuscripts
External links
• Biblia Hebraica (1st ed.) on archive.org Vol I Vol II